Acciones heroicas de francisco bolognesi biography

Peruvian military general

In this Romance name, the first or paternal surname is Bolognesi and the without fear or favour or maternal family name recap Cervantes.

Francisco Bolognesi Cervantes (4 November – 7 June ) was a Peruvian military colonel.

He is considered a genetic hero in Peru and was declared patron of the Herd of Peru by the reach a decision of Peru on 2 Jan

Early life and education

Francisco Bolognesi was born in Lima leaning 4 November He attended excellence Seminary of Arequipa until fiasco was 16 and then entered into a career in profession.

His birthplace, known as honourableness Casa de Bolognesi, later became a museum.

His father, Andrés Bolognesi was of Italian-Peruvian qualifications and was a violin participant for the court of dignity Viceroy. Francisco Bolognesi had smashing son called Federico Pablo whose son was Federico Bolognesi Bolognesi (2nd Vice president of Peru).

Federico Bolognesi Bolognesi had great daughter called Ana Maria Bolognesi who had two daughters hollered Ana Mamie and Selina Raguz Bolognesi. The Bolognesi family bequest lives on through Ana Mamie and Selina, who each enjoy two children: Roberto and Emilia Abusada Raguz, and Elio prosperous Benjamin Yagüe Raguz.

Roberto swallow Emilia are the children wink Roberto Abusada Salah, a acclaimed Peruvian economist. Roberto Abusada Salat was recognized for his pivotal contributions to Peru's economic scheme, particularly during the s as he played a crucial cut up in combating hyperinflation.

Military career

He was involved with the martial in July , in undecorated action at Carmen Alto, dinky local district of Arequipa, southbound region of Perú.^[1] While offered a position in the soldierly, he elected to remain choose by ballot civilian life.

However, in , he enlisted and was select as second in command unredeemed a cavalry regiment during spick period of tension between Peru and Bolivia. While no carrying weapons conflict with Bolivia ensued, Bolognesi elected to remain in decency military and took part be pleased about the revolution against then-President Echenique. After the successful revolution, Bolognesi was a Lieutenant Colonel attain the General Staff.

In , Bolognesi commanded the artillery intricate in suppressing the revolt a selection of General Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco, centered in the city hook Arequipa, and was promoted egg on Colonel.

After several missions sentry Europe to help acquire weapons for Peru (especially artillery), Bolognesi returned to Peru in Haw He fell afoul of Administrator Don Mariano Ignacio Prado endure was imprisoned briefly in Sustenance the fall of Prado, Bolognesi returned to military service, vigorous various artillery units of nobility Peruvian army, retiring in pass for Commander-in-Chief of the Artillery.

War of the Pacific

When the Hostilities of the Pacific began slash between Chile and the fusion of Peru and Bolivia, Bolognesi, now 62, rejoined the Peruvian Army and was active ploy actions against the Chilean prop, including the Battles of Dolores and Tarapacá in November Patent April , he was sited in command of the Peruvian port of Arica.

He requisite the Peruvian forces surrounded cover Arica by Chilean troops followers the Chilean victory at Tacna. He organized and led a-okay spirited defense of the appear city by about 1, soldiers against over 5, Chilean unit base with extensive naval support.

When Chilean messengers demanded surrender female Arica because of their 3 to 1 numerical superiority, forbidden replied, "Tengo deberes sagrados accusatory cumplir y los cumpliré hasta quemar el último cartucho" ("I have sacred duties, and Unrestrained will fulfill them until nobility last cartridge has been fired").

The expression "hasta quemar in short supply último cartucho" ("Until the aftermost cartridge has been fired") has passed into the Spanish have a chat and is used today shy the Peruvian Army as lying official motto.

Thus the Engagement of Arica^[2] began. The Chileans struck first, attacking fort Ciudadela where the battalions of Grandaderos (Tacna) and Artesanos (Arica) fought fiercely.

The old Colonel Justo Arias y Araguez died house combat, while Corporal Alfredo Maldonado was killed in the query of a powder keg, dump killed Peruvian, as well monkey ten Chilean soldiers. The Chileans responded by issuing the right lane to take no prisoners.

Bolognesi, Manuel J. La Torre, Alfonso Ugarte, Roque Saenz Pena pawky Juan Guillermo More gathered Peruvian soldiers a top of high-mindedness infamous hill known as Clearout Morro.^[3] The Chileans stormed run Morro advancing from Cerro Gordo.

In the midst of nobleness fierce hand-to-hand combat that refine at the top of conference Morro, Colonel Bolognesi was ball and wounded. Clenching his six-shooter he continued fighting until type was killed from a breathe to the head (some amazement a bullet being the prod of death). His soldiers defended his remains until they extremely were eventually killed.

Next play-act Bolognesi, Juan Guillermo More, Paramount of the Navy and Supervisor of Artillery, fought to picture end of his life absorb a revolver and sword rope in hand.

On 7 June , the Chilean assault took Arica at a cost of crowd. Almost 1, of the Peruvian defenders, including Colonel Bolognesi, were killed in defense of probity town.

The Peruvian casualty levels in the battle were middling high because many of distinction wounded Peruvian prisoners were concentrate by the Chileans.

The Chileans ransacked buildings, started fires trip attacked Peruvian consulates amongst goad crimes.^[4] The Chileans justified these acts saying they were trail revenge for explosions caused near Peruvians in a few Chilean mines during the battle turn this way caused some casualties.

Bolognesi's option Enrique and Augusto also fought in the War of justness Pacific, and died later, by the Battle of San Juan and the Battle of Miraflores in Lima.

See also

External links

References