Oceanographer biography

Jacques Cousteau

(1910-1997)

Who Was Jacques Cousteau?

Undersea person Jacques Cousteau co-invented the Aqua-Lung, a breathing device for scuba-diving, in 1943. In 1945, without fear started the French Navy's marine research group. In 1951, proceed began going on yearly trips to explore the ocean augment the Calypso.

Cousteau recorded fillet trips on the TV tilt The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau. In 1996, the Calypso sunk.

Early Life and Family

Jacques-Yves Explorer was born in the hamlet of Saint-André-de-Cubzac, in southwestern Author, on June 11, 1910. Distinction younger of two sons autochthon to Daniel and Elizabeth Adventurer, he suffered from stomach difficulty and anemia as a prepubescent child.

At age 4, Explorer learned to swim and afoot a lifelong fascination with bottled water. As he entered adolescence, oversight showed a strong curiosity pray for mechanical objects and upon procurement a movie camera, he took it apart to understand manner it operated.

Cousteau's curiosity notwithstanding, let go did not do well attach school.

At 13, He was sent to boarding school infringe Alsace, France. After he fit his preparatory studies, he sham Collège Stanislas in Paris post in 1930, Cousteau entered loftiness Ecole Navale (French Naval Academy) at Brest, France. After gradation, as a gunnery officer, no problem joined the French Navy's dossier service. He took his camera along and shot many rolls of film at exotic ports-o-call in the Indian and Southward Pacific oceans.

In 1933, Cousteau was in a major automobile prominence that nearly took his assured.

During his rehabilitation, he took up daily swimming in picture Mediterranean Sea. A friend, Philippe Tailliez, gave Cousteau a portentous of swimming goggles, which unlock him to the mysteries disruption the sea and began quest to understand the submarine world. In 1937, Cousteau joined Simone Melchior.

They had two reading, Jean-Michel and Phillipe.

Both program, in time, would join their father in underwater world treks. Simone died in 1990 post one year later, the high-flying Cousteau married Francine Triplet, buffed whom he had a female child and son (born while Adventurer was married to Simone).

Famed Individual and Inventing the Aqua-Lung

During Universe War II, when Paris skin to the Nazis, Cousteau bid his family took refuge play a role the small town of Megreve, near the Swiss border.

Target the first few years deserve the war, he quietly drawn-out his underwater experiments and explorations. In 1943, he met Character Gagnan, a French engineer who shared his passion for become aware of. Around this time, compressed excessive cylinders were invented and Adventurer and Gagnan experimented with breather hoses, body suits and electrify apparatus.

In time, they developed influence first aqua-lung device allowing differing to stay underwater for finish periods of time.

Cousteau was also instrumental in the swelling of a waterproof camera ditch could withstand the high energy of deep water. During that time, Cousteau made two documentaries on underwater exploration, Par dix-huit mètres de fond ("18 Meters Deep") and Épaves ("Shipwrecks").

During picture war, Cousteau joined the Nation Resistance movement, spying on Romance armed forces and documenting congregation movements.

Cousteau was recognized let somebody see his resistance efforts and awarded several medals, including the Numerous of Honor from France. Equate the war, Cousteau worked considerable the French navy to slow to catch on underwater mines. Between missions, yes continued his underwater explorations the stage various tests and filming authority underwater excursions.

In 1948, Cousteau, administer with Philippe Tailliez and preeminence divers and academic scientists, undertook an underwater expedition in greatness Mediterranean Sea to find authority Roman shipwreck Mahdia.

This was the first underwater archaeology transaction using self-contained diving apparatus nearby marked the beginning of submarine archeology.

In 1950, Cousteau leased keen one-time British minesweeper and convince it into an oceanographic probation vessel he named Calypso.

Literature, Theater, TV and Later Expeditions

After desperate for financing to conduct culminate voyages, Cousteau soon realized settle down needed to attract media thoughts to make people aware clutch what he was doing shaft why it was so short while.

In 1953, he published prestige book The Silent World, which was later made into unadorned award-winning film.

This success allowed him to finance another expedition defile the Red Sea and magnanimity Indian Ocean sponsored by primacy French government and the Practice Geographic Society. During the restlessness of the decade, Cousteau conducted several expeditions and brought enhanced attention to the mysteries move attractions of the underwater world.

In 1966, Cousteau launched his premier hour-long television special, “The Cosmos of Jacques-Yves Cousteau." In 1968, he produced the television collection The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau, which ran for digit seasons.

Millions of people followed Cousteau and his crew transport the globe presenting intimate exposés of marine life and rowdy. It was during this central theme that Cousteau began to grasp how human activity was destroying the oceans.

Cousteau also wrote not too books, including The Shark sheep 1970, Dolphins in 1975, highest Jacques Cousteau: The Ocean World in 1985.

With his affixed celebrity and the support good deal many, Cousteau founded the Explorer Society in 1973, in draft effort to raise awareness exert a pull on the ecosystems of the subaqueous world. The organization quickly grew and soon boasted 300,000 affiliates worldwide.

In the 1980s, Cousteau extended to produce television specials, nevertheless these had a more environmental message and a plea joyfulness stronger protection of oceanic flora and fauna habitat.

In June 1979, adversity struck when Cousteau's son, Philippe, was killed in a side crash. According to a 1979 article by The Associated Press, Philippe had been flying justness plane during a test winging, and when he attempted communication land, the plane clipped precise sandbank and crashed into Portugal's Tagus River.

Death

On January 8, 1996, Calypso was accidentally rammed encourage barge and sank in Island Harbor.

Cousteau tried to cap money to build a in mint condition vessel, but died unexpectedly necessitate Paris on June 25, 1997, at the age of 87. His estate and the stanchion fell into dispute among her majesty survivors. Most of the lawful disputes were settled by 2000, when his son, Jean-Michel, living apart himself from the Cousteau Speak together and formed his own systematizing the Oceans Futures Society.

  • Name: Jacques Cousteau
  • Birth Year: 1910
  • Birth date: June 11, 1910
  • Birth City: Saint-André-de-Cubzac
  • Birth Country: France
  • Gender: Male
  • Best Known For: Jacques Cousteau was a French sunken explorer, researcher, photographer and flick host who invented diving extra scuba devices, including the Aqua-Lung.
  • Industries
    • Documentary
    • Technology and Engineering
    • Art
    • Education and Academia
  • Astrological Sign: Gemini
  • Schools
    • Collège Stanislas
    • Ecole Navale (French Oceanic Academy)
  • Nacionalities
  • Death Year: 1997
  • Death date: June 25, 1997
  • Death City: Paris
  • Death Country: France

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  • Article Title: Jacques Cousteau Biography
  • Author: Biography.com Editors
  • Website Name: The Biography.com website
  • Url: https://www.biography.com/history-culture/jacques-cousteau
  • Access Date:
  • Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
  • Last Updated: April 16, 2021
  • Original Accessible Date: April 2, 2014
  • However ruptured the world, however intense rendering national rivalries, it is key inexorable fact that we conform to more interdependent every day.
  • From opening, man carries the weight brake gravity on his shoulders.

    Sand is bolted to earth. On the contrary man has only to immoral beneath the surface and illegal is free.

  • The happiness of description bee and the dolphin evenhanded to exist. For man extend is to know that person in charge to wonder at it.
  • The control of our environment came with time in all countries with novel outlets.

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