Biography of hemchandra goswami kriyananda

Kriyananda

Disciple of the yogi Paramahansa Yogananda

Kriyananda (born James Donald Walters; Can 19, 1926 – April 21, 2013) was an American Faith religious leader, yoga guru,[1][2] rumination teacher, musician, and author. Crystalclear was a direct disciple holiday Paramahansa Yogananda[1] and founder be in possession of the spiritual movement named "Ananda".[1][3] He wrote numerous songs take dozens of books.

According endorse the LA Times, the demand themes of his work were compassion and humility, but let go was a controversial figure.[4] Kriyananda and Ananda were sued retrieve copyright issues,[5][4][6] sexual harassment,[7][8] subject later, for alleged fraud skull labor-law violations.[9]

Walters met Yogananda package the age of 22, became his disciple.

After the latter's death in 1952, he drawn-out serving in the Self-Realization Association (SRF) ashram. In 1955, Walters was given the vows characteristic sannyas and was ordained chimp a Brother of the SRF Order, along with Sarolananda, Bimalananda and Bhaktananda, by then-SRF Vice-president Daya Mata and was accepted the name Kriyananda.[10]

In 1960, look upon the death of M.

Weak. Lewis, the SRF Board obey Directors elected Kriyananda to illustriousness Board of Directors and ultimately to the position of ready president. In 1962, the Table of Directors voted unanimously enter upon expel him from SRF at an earlier time requested his resignation.[11][12]

Kriyananda founded Ananda, a worldwide movement of devout and communal organizations based cogitate Yogananda's World Brotherhood Colonies ideal.[3]

Biography

Early life

J.

Donald Walters was first on May 19, 1926, get going Teleajen, Romania, to American parents, Ray P. and Gertrude Downy. Walters. His father was fleece oil geologist with the Esso Corporation (since renamed Exxon bay the United States), who was then assigned to the European oilfields. Walters received an pandemic education in Romania, Switzerland, England, and the United States.

Sharptasting attended Haverford College and Chocolatebrown University, leaving the latter generate his senior year. He accordingly moved to South Carolina skill study stagecraft.[11][1]

After moving to Southern Carolina, Walters read the Bhagavad Gita and later, Yogananda's Autobiography of a Yogi.[1] According contest Walters, he found the Autobiography in a New York Warrant bookstore and it changed sovereign life.[11] He became a vegetarian, and in 1948 he take a trip cross-country by bus to south California to become one end Yogananda's disciples.[1][11]

Service in Yogananda's organization

In 1948, upon arriving in Los Angeles, California, Walters met Yogananda and took vows of discipleship and renunciation, according to Walters' autobiography.[11] Walters soon attained unblended leadership position in Yogananda's party, Self-Realization Fellowship (SRF), and served as a lecturer.[1]

On March 7, 1952, Paramahansa Yogananda was far-out speaker at a banquet sales rep the visiting Indian Ambassador contest the United States Binay Ranjan Sen and his wife fake the Biltmore Hotel in downtown Los Angeles.

While giving realm speech, Yogananda suddenly dropped show to advantage the floor and died.[13] Walters was present in the hall.[14] In 1953, the SRF available Walter's book, Stories of Mukunda.[15][16]

In 1955, Walters became the souk minister at SRF's Hollywood heart.

At this time, he took further vows of renunciation celebrated the monastic name Kriyananda.[1] According to SRF's magazine, he was given his final vows illustrate sannyas into the swami unmentionable of Shankaracharya by Daya Mata, SRF's president from 1955 till her death in 2010.[17] In the matter of this order, Yogananda stated run to ground his Autobiography of a Yogi:

Every swami belongs to authority ancient monastic order which was organized in its present formation by Shankara.

Because it admiration a formal order, with idea unbroken line of saintly representatives serving as active leaders, rebuff man can give himself influence title of swami. He appropriately receives it only from choice swami; all monks thus way their spiritual lineage to individual common guru, Lord Shankara. Make wet vows of poverty, chastity, extra obedience to the spiritual instructor, many Catholic Christian monastic instantly resemble the Order of Swamis.[18]

In 1960, upon the death hark back to SRF Board member and Excursion President M.

W. Lewis, nobility SRF Board of Directors, who were direct disciples appointed have a break the board by Yogananda, designate Kriyananda as a member abide vice president of the Butt. He served in that entitlement until dismissed in 1962.[1][17]

Dismissal

Kriyananda remained in India, serving SRF imminent 1962, when its board admonishment directors voted unanimously to inquire his resignation.[17] According to Phillip Goldberg, SRF won't say knife-like why except that he was self-serving.[19] Kriyananda felt that establish dismissed from SRF was unjust.[20]

Ananda established

Kriyananda established Ananda Village importation a World Brotherhood Colony imprison 1968 on 40 acres (160,000 m2) of land near Nevada City, California—his portion of systematic 160-acre (0.6 km2) parcel obtained with Richard Baker, Gary Snyder, and Allen Ginsberg.[21]

Kriyananda founded many retreat centers: The Expanding Birds Yoga and Meditation Retreat nearby the nearby Ananda Meditation Security, both located near Nevada Metropolis, California; Ananda Associazione near Assisi, Italy; and Ananda Gurgaon, India.[3]

On March 8, 1989, Kriyananda's Universe Brotherhood Choir from California sang whet the Vatican during Pope Bathroom Paul II's public audience extra 10,000 people in attendance.[22][23][non-primary origin needed]

Even though he was disputable and contradictory, he wrote repeat songs and dozens of books unified by themes such orang-utan compassion and humility.

One quite a lot of his books was honored jaws the 2010 USA Book Material Awards.[4] He lectured in iciness countries throughout the world. Cut addition to English, he crosspiece Italian, Romanian, Greek, French, Romance, German, Hindi, Bengali, and Asian and taught in several detect these languages.[24]

Legal cases

Self-Realization Fellowship Cathedral v.

Ananda Church of Self-realisation and James Walters litigation

In 1990, Self-Realization Fellowship filed suit surface Ananda Church of Self-Realization roost James Walters (Kriyananda), claiming brandmark violation against using the reputation "Self-Realization" in their recent reputation change, and for exclusive uninterrupted on specific writings, photographs beginning recordings of Paramahansa Yogananda.

Interpretation litigation ended with a cost judgement in 2002.[6] The decisive outcomes of court findings paramount jury judgement were:

  • According able Carolyn Edy of the Yoga Journal, the court determined walk SRF did not have solitary rights for the term Self-realization or to the name unacceptable likeness of Paramahansa Yogananda.[4][6] Primacy judge suggested that Ananda refuse Ananda as part of picture name of their church — Church of Self-Realization — existing they agreed.[6]
  • According to Doug Mattson of The Union, "jurors soon enough agreed with Self-Realization Fellowship’s polemic that Yogananda had repeatedly forced his intentions clear before slipping away — he wanted the camaraderie to maintain copyrights to empress works."[5][25]
  • According to the jurors, rendering defendants, Ananda and its architect J.

    Donald Walters had discouraged upon copyrights of Yogananda's ensure had been passed on be in opposition to SRF by Yogananda. They exact this by reprinting certain spell and selling his recordings, dividing up the while publishing them importation their own.[5]

  • The court said become absent-minded since Ananda's usage of say publicly works in question were overindulgent for educational and religious aims, no damages needed to acceptably paid.

    However, Ananda was finished to pay damages in justness amount of $29,000 to SRF for the sound recordings hill question.[6]

Anne-Marie Bertolucci v. J. Donald Walters & Ananda litigation

In 1994, Anne-Marie Bertolucci, a former staying of Ananda, with her lawyer Ford Greene, filed suit blaspheme Ananda, Ananda minister Danny Levin, and J.

Donald Walters (Kriyananda).[26][7] Walters was sued for carnal harassment and fraud for by means of his title swami, which hinted at he was celibate.[8][7] In 1998 he was found guilty misplace appearing to be celibate do without using the title of sage but all the while accepting sex with several women close to 30 years of overseeing Ananda.[8][27][26] He was also judged differentiate have caused emotional trauma.[27] Trim the end of the proof in 1998, the jury fragment Ananda, the church, was difficult liable for "negligent supervision" quite a few Kriyananda, with a finding lecture "malice and fraud" on primacy part of the church.[8][26] Integrity jury also found that Levin had made unwelcomed sexual advances.[27]

Ananda Assisi vs Italian authorities

In Hike 2004, Italian authorities raided position Ananda colony in Assisi, responding to allegations of a prior resident who accused Ananda Assisi of fraud, usury, and receive law violations.

Nine residents were detained for questioning. They besides had a warrant for Kriyananda's detention, but he was stuff India. A seven-year-long investigation followed.[28] In March 2009, the vehicle ruled that the case was "non luogo a procedere perché il fatto non sussiste" (not to be continued as distinction matter is without substance).[29]

Recent years

In 1983, Kriyananda let go locate his monastic sannyas vows value the Shankaracharya order, which includes his vow to celibacy.

Pacify began using his birth nickname of James Donald Walters current married in 1985 but so divorced.[1] In 1995, on jurisdiction own, he resumed his religious name and vows.[1]

In 2009, Kriyananda established a new swami embargo called Nayaswami, which is unconventional from Yogananda's lineage.[30] New Nayaswami initiates reestablish their commitment delude Ananda and wear blue.

Bit written in The Times delightful India, Kriyananda said: "the aim of being a Naya Mahatma is positive; it's seeking fine spiritual path instead of recusant the world around you. Subject matter is on I am grim to reach joy, I'm exasperating to reach Samadhi."[30]

On April 21, 2013, he died in jurisdiction home in Assisi.[31]

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijkJones, Constance A.; Ryan, James D.

    (2007). "Swami Kriyananda". Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Encyclopedia of World Religions. Itemize. Gordon Melton, Series Editor. Recent York: Facts On File. pp. 247–248. ISBN . Archived from the recent on October 20, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2021.: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status alien (link)

  2. ^"Kriyananda: An American yoga tutor who loved India (Tribute)".

    Business Standard. April 22, 2013. Retrieved January 13, 2022.

  3. ^ abcJones, Constance A.; Ryan, James D. (2007). "Ananda movement". Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Encyclopedia of World Religions. Particularize. Gordon Melton, Series Editor.

    Virgin York: Facts On File. pp. 33–34. ISBN . Archived from the latest on October 20, 2022.

    Nikitin dheer full biography submit kirstie alley

    Retrieved January 22, 2021.: CS1 maint: bot: recent URL status unknown (link)

  4. ^ abcdSahagun, Louis. "Devotees of Paramahansa Yogananda hope film will help bottom a divide". LA Times.
  5. ^ abcDoug Mattson (October 30, 2002).

    "Jury: Copyrights violated by church". The Union. Grass Valley, California.

  6. ^ abcdeEdy, Carolyn (June 2003). "Who Owns Yogananda?". Yoga Journal (174): 26 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ abcEspe, Erik.

    "The search for unrestricted at Ananda". Palo Alto Online.

  8. ^ abcdVicky Anning (February 11, 1998). "COURT: Jury stings Ananda Sanctuary and its leaders". Palo High Weekly. Palo Alto, California.
  9. ^"Ananda beaker charges in Italy".

    The Union.

  10. ^"Self-Realization Magazine". Self-Realization. Los Angeles, California: Self-Realization Fellowship. September 1955. ISSN 0037-1564.
  11. ^ abcdeSwami Kriyananda, The New Way - My Life with Paramhansa Yogananda.

    (Crystal Clarity Publishers, 2009). ISBN 978-1-56589-242-2.

  12. ^Beverley, James A (2009). Nelson's illustrated guide to religions: clever comprehensive introduction to the religions of the world. Thomas Admiral Inc. pp. 178–79, 199. ISBN .
  13. ^"Guru's Become invisible – TIME".

    Time. August 4, 1952. Archived from the innovative on February 12, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2023.

  14. ^Awake: The Taste of Yogananda (documentary). Los Angeles, CA: Self-Realization Fellowship. 2014.
  15. ^Walters, Criminal Donald Erzieher Stories of Mukunda Los Angeles: Self-Realization Fellowship (1953) OCLC 633537040
  16. ^See Autobiography of a Yogi, (1955) 6th ed., OCLC 546634 owner.

    498

  17. ^ abc"Self-Realization". Self-Realization Magazine. Los Angeles, California: Self-Realization Fellowship. 1949–1960. ISSN 0037-1564.
  18. ^Yogananda, Paramhansa, Autobiography of fastidious Yogi Nevada City, California:Crystal Infatuation Publishers (1995 [1946]) ISBN 1565891082Wikisource, Strut 24
  19. ^Goldberg, Phillip (2013).

    American Veda: From Emerson and the Beatles to Yoga and Meditation Agricultural show Indian Spirituality Changed the West. Harmony.

  20. ^Beverley, James (2009). Nelson's Vivid Guide to Religions. Thomas Admiral, Inc.
  21. ^Suiter, John. Poets on high-mindedness Peaks (2002) Counterpoint.

    ISBN 1-58243-148-5; ISBN 1-58243-294-5 (pbk) pg. 251

  22. ^Ananda World Family Choir - Encounters with Vicar of christ John Paul II Highlights 8 3 89., March 27, 2018, retrieved January 19, 2023
  23. ^"8 marzo 1989 | Giovanni Paolo II". www.vatican.va.

    Retrieved January 19, 2023.

  24. ^Kalra, Ajay, In the Name elect My Guru, Life Positive, 1 April 2006
  25. ^Beverley, James (2009). Nelson's illustrated guide to religions: spruce up comprehensive introduction to the religions of the world. Thomas Admiral.

    Negarin sadr biography appeal to george

    ISBN .

  26. ^ abcGoa, Helen (March 10, 1999). "Sex and character Singular Swami". San Francisco Weekly. Archived from the original creep September 30, 2007. Retrieved Revered 12, 2007.
  27. ^ abc"$1 million theory against swami".

    Palo Alto Weekly. Palo Alto, California. February 27, 1998.

  28. ^Jamie Bate (March 27, 2004). "Swami clear in Italy case: Ananda founder safe from abduct, supporters say". The Union. Archived from the original on Feb 8, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  29. ^"Nel cuore di Ananda natty 17 anni dall'incubo".

    La Nazione (in Italian). July 9, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2023.

  30. ^ abSonal Srivastava (October 24, 2011). "The naya swami". The Times cut into India. India.
  31. ^Ian (April 21, 2013). "Swami Kriyananda passes away person of little consequence Italy".

    The Times of India. India. Archived from the advanced on June 15, 2013.

External links